Observation Report On Field Experience - 1887 Words

Field Experience My first day of observations had finally arrived. Filled with excitement, I opened the doors to Pleasant Ridge Elementary School, and walked into the front office to sign in as a guest for the day. I made my way to the second grade wing to do my first observation for my field experience report. The second grade instructor greeted me as I entered her classroom, with a big bright smile I found made her classroom warm and inviting. Mrs. Lawrence had her students’ desks arranged in three rows of grouped tables. The first row is composed of eight tables and chairs, second row is composed of nine tables and chairs, the third row is composed of eleven tables and chairs, and one table is leaned up against the teacher’s desk.†¦show more content†¦Students requiring assistance in a specific area are removed from class during the lesson’s time slot as an attempt to assist and improve a student’s understanding of said lesson. During my observations in her classroom, I observed Reading/Writing and Math lessons. For her Reading/Writing lesson, she discussed cause and effect. She had a couple of examples displayed on the smart board. She read the sentence and called on students to answer specific questions relating to her lesson. Some students were eager to answer and others not so much. Mrs. Lawrence frequently utilizes rhymes and actions, such as rhythm hand clapping to gain her student’s attention. She also uses songs to give students enough time to get their things together during lesson transitions or station transitions located throughout her classroom. The sayings and hand actions very catchy, and her signing was a great way to get students to take responsibility for themselves and to do as instructed. Mrs. Lawrence divided her students into four stations or groups during her Reading/Writing and Math lessons. A group of students played educational games on the smart board, a second group would silent read during reading/writing, a third group would work on worksheets, and a fourth group would meet with here for one-on-one lesson instruction. Mrs. Lawrence had her students rotate everyShow MoreRelatedEssay On Managing The Building Envelope979 Words   |  4 PagesInnovations in technology and field data services are redefining how service providers and building owners efficiently manage roofing and wall faà §ades. With specialized hardware, software and services, field data collection options are expanding. Combined with evolving expectations for professionals, building owners need to evaluate more options to consider the best strategy for managing the building envelope (B-Ev). Historical Perspective Manual field review processes have been well establishedRead MoreReflective Writing1241 Words   |  5 PagesHow do I . . . Write a Reflection? Why reflective writing? 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I am one who believes that there is always room for improvement especially for someone such as myself that has a strong desire to continue to grow. In the future, I will continue to establish profession al goals that relate to the position that I obtain in the social work field to continue toRead MoreWhat I Have Learned About Research1270 Words   |  6 Pagesprocess that psychologist and scientist develop that includes many different approaches and that is carefully peer reviewed and evaluated. There is what is called the Scientific Approach where scientist have an idea or theory and based on their observation will either support the theory or the theory can be falsified by their peers. Data also goes through a review period before it is published in a scientific journal by scientist who have the knowledge and expertise to evaluate it. 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Furthermore, some characteristics could include soft science, the basic element of analysis, and individual interpretation. On the other hand, quantitative is a formal, objective, systematic process for obtainingRead MoreThe Research Problem Using Qualitative Methodology1570 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch problem using a qualitative methodology. It will also restate the research problem, purpose and research questions previously developed, determine how the fieldwork and observation can be used to answer the research questions, the role field notes will play in the process, the advantages and disadvantages of using observation, and how interviewing can be used to answer the research questions. Other topics to be explored are ethical issued to be considered during qualitative data collection methodsRead MoreEssay On Practice Of Change949 Words à ‚  |  4 PagesJohnson Foundation and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) conducted a study in 2010 to provide a report with would make action-oriented interventions. The restriction of health care legislation has created difficult barriers for nurses to respond effectively to these rapid changes in the health care system and limits our ability advance along with it. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact of the report produced by the IOM on nursing practice, education, and leadership. IOM Key Points The Institute

Analysis Of Our Leaders Are Just We Ourself - 1844 Words

Andrea D. Domingue in her article Our Leaders Are Just We Ourself†: Black Women College Student Leaders’ Experiences With Oppression and Sources of Nourishment on a Predominantly White College Campus, explains that feelings of inferiority and person experiences with microaggressions is very common for black women who attend predominately white universities to experience. She states† Voicing and silencing, like the other subthemes of interpersonal interactions with oppression (stereotypes, microaggressions, and presentation expectations) indicate a considerable burden on black women college student leaders.† She believes that this occurs because â€Å"These instances created a climate for black women college student leaders that heightened their†¦show more content†¦Often times this feeling of suffering that many black students face at schools are silenced and made to believe that it does not because our country doesn’t â€Å"see color† . But not acknowledging that schools serves as a place of suffering to Black students is doing them a disservice and continuing to add to the burden of what it means to be black in America. Pelina and Nicole were less hesitant to blame their college struggle on race directly. While they both understood that race creates barrier in the society they did not attribute that to their hardships faced in college. They listed other outside sources such as income, network, motivation, and one’s brain capacity. But both emphasize that class, not race, is the main contributor to student’s performance in college. Although it may not be direct, there is no doubt a relationship between class and race that we cannot ignore. In his article, Race, Socioeconomic Status and Health: Complexities, Ongoing Challenges and Research Opportunities, David Williams explain that while looking at the data from 1998 -2006 â€Å"Both blacks and Hispanics have levels of overall poverty that are two to three times higher than those of whites. Asians have poverty levels that are generally comparable to those of the white population† (pg. 6) . He goes further in explaining these disp arities and mentions that â€Å"Among persons with income in the bottom 20% of all US households, for every dollar ofShow MoreRelatedRole Of A Team Member Team Members Are Positive And Polite, People Start1620 Words   |  7 Pagesstrengths of each team member. Adjourning: Team accomplishes goals; Maybe difficult to move on because of close working relationships and comfort. I think our team have been through all of them. For the forming part, we have 1hr and half to introduce ourself to other team member in the class. 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Valuation Project Report Free Essays

Valuation project report Valuation of the Incentive Stock Options for Procter Gamble Co. Name: Haining Jiang Company background: In this valuation project, I will analyze a company which is mature and I am interested in. The name of the company is Procter Gamble Co. We will write a custom essay sample on Valuation Project Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now the Procter Gamble Company, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the manufacture and sale of a range of branded consumer packaged goods. The company operates in five segments: Beauty, Grooming, Health Care, Fabric Care and Home Care, and Baby Care and Family Care. In the year of 1837, William Procter and James Gamble settled in the Queen City of the West, Cincinnati, and established themselves in business. As a result, a new company was born: Procter Gamble. Procter Gamble became into a listed company at a stock price and dividend which are $ 1. 7 and $ 0. 01 per month respectively in 19 Jan. 1970. For many years, P G keep following their purpose and social responsibility at every and every corner in the world: â€Å"We will provide branded products and services of superior quality and value that improve the lives of the world’s consumers, now and for generations to come. As a result, consumers will reward us with leadership sales, profit and value creation, allowing our people, our shareholders and the communities in which we live and work to prosper. † Until now, P G has become the largest consumer packaged goods company in the world at $ 67. 17 of the share price and $ 0. 562 of dividend per month. Main contents: 1. Discounted dividend valuation The most basic model is the Gordon Growth Model, which prices the stock by the dividend and future growth of dividends. The formula would be like this: V0=D0 (1+g)(r-g)=D1r-g Where D0 is today’s dividend, which would be $ 2. 21 in our case. r is the cost of capital, r will be calculated like: Assume : The market premium = 6%* The risk-free rate = 3%* Given number in the case: ? = 0. 27 So, r = 0. 03 + 0. 27 x 0. 06 = 4. 62% The best way to estimate g is: The term g can be viewed as the return on owner’s equity times the earnings retention rate b. b = (1 – dividend payout ratio) = 1 – 58% = 42% return on equity = 14. 05% So, Sustainable growth rate = gs = 42% x 14. 05% = 5. 901% r g, so we may meet a big problem when using the V0 formula above. But, as far as we all know, it is not possible that the firm can grow faster than r forever. The high return will attract other investors into the market to compete and the firm’s rate will eventually fall. And, I determine the long-run growth rate of dividends, gL = 3%*. g r. Even if this data is not real in the true PG case, I think it’s will be fine to continue our model. V0=D0 (1+g)(r-g)= $ 2. 21x(1+0. 03)(0. 0462-0. 03)=$ 140. 51 1) Two-stage dividend growth When the P G is growing faster than r, one can use a multistage model, where the growth stages are broken into two parts. The first is the supernormal growth phase call gs , which is the rate that is higher than r. So we can assume: at the first period ( r g ): gS = 5. 901% (as we calculated above) n = 3*; At the second period ( r g ): r = 4. 62% (as we calculated above) gL = 3% (as we calculated above) D0 = $ 2. 21 (real data from PG) ; As we all know the formula is: V0 = t=1n[ Dt1+rt+ Vn(1+r)n] Vn= D01+ gsn(1+ gL)(r- gL) So, V3= 2. 21Ãâ€"1+ 0. 0593(1+ 0. 03)(0. 0462- 0. 03) = $ 166. 88 V0 = 2. 21x(1+0. 059)1(1+0. 0462)1+ 2. 21x(1+0. 059)2(1+0. 0462)2+ 2. 21x(1+0. 059)3(1+0. 0462)3+ 166. 88(1+0. 0462)3 = $ 152. 27 2) Three-stage dividend growth We assume the P G company experienced a life-cycle with a three stages that are: an early, development stage with high growth, a maturing phase with moderate growth, and a declining phase with little, no, or negative growth. The current dividend of $ 2. 21 per share will not change. Dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 10%* for 2 years. Following that , the dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 8%* for 2 years. After the total 4 years, the dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 4%* per year, forever. The rate of return unchanged: 4. 2% (as calculated in 1. 1). We can break the calculation in to six steps: (1) Calculate the dividends for years 1 through 5: year| Dividend growth rate| Dividend| 1| 10%| 2. 431| 2| 10%| 2. 674| 3| 8%| 2. 888| 4| 8%| 3. 119| 5| 5%| 3. 275| (2) Calculate the present value of each of these dividends for years 1 through 5: Year| Dividend| Present value| 1| 2. 431| 2. 3236| 2| 2. 674| 2. 4430| 3| 2. 888| 2. 5220| 4| 3. 119| 2. 6035| 5| 3. 275| 2. 6130| (3) Calculate the present value of the dividends beyond year 4: P4= $ 3. 275(0. 0462-0. 04) = $ 528. 23 (4) Calculate the present value of the price at year 4: PVP4 = $ 528. 23(1+0. 0462)4 = $ 440. 92 (5) Calculate the sum of the present value of the dividends: PVdividends in year 1-4= t=110Dt(1+0. 0462)t = $ 12. 51 (6) Calculate the price today as the sum of the present value of dividends in years 1-4 and the price at the end of year 4: P0=$ 440. 92+$ 12. 51 = $ 453. 43 3) The uses of the dividend valuation models (1) The price-earnings ratio also known as the price-to-earnings ratio or PE ratio, is the ratio of the price per share to the earnings per share of a stock. Let us observe these data from PG firstly: ?| 2012| 2011| 2010| stock price| $66. 6| $64. 50| $60. 44| current earings per share| $3. 82| $4. 12| $4. 32| P/E ratio| 17. 37173| 15. 65534| 13. 99074| dividend payout ratio| 58%| 50%| 42%| If we take the DVM and divide both sides by earnings per share, we arrive at an equation for the price earnings ratio in terms of dividend payout, required rate of return, and growth: P0E0= Dividend payout ratio x (1+g)r-g We can conclude the information below according to the above formula: Increase in dividend payout rate will cause increase in P/E ratio, this point is also obviously in the table above, the data comes from the real PG case. Increase in r will cause decrease in P/E ratio Increase in growth rate will cause increase in P/E ratio. (2) we can also use the DVM to relate the price-book value ratio to factors such as the dividend payout ratio and the ROE. We assume the B0 indicate the current book value per share and ROE0 indicate the current return on book equity. As we all know: ROE0 = E0B0 , and P0=D0 (1+g)(r-g)=D1r-g ; So, we can get the formula easily below: P0=B0x ROE0 x D0E0x (1+g)(r-g) So we could get the conclusion through analyzing the above formula: increase in B0 will increase in P0; ncrease in ROE0 will increase in P0; increase in D0E0 will increase in P0; increase in g will increase in P0; increase in r will increase in P0; I believe there are plenty of other conclusions we can get from those formulas, I just mention some of them in my valuation report here. But in other words, we can fully use the DVM to find all the related fundamental factors to have further understanding through DVM. 4) What i f there no dividends? I think it’s acceptable and expectable if the PG isn’t paying dividends now, but chooses to reinvest its money. It is a sign that the dividends in the future will be even larger. Of course, I won’t stick around with the company long enough to receive any of those dividends. But because of the growth of the company, I will realize that the eventual dividends will be even larger with the increasingly share price. After that, I can sell me shares to someone else to get my profit from it. Summary: â€Å"Valuation is the process of determining what something is worth at a point in time. When we value investments, we want to estimate the future cash flows from these investments and then discount these to the present. This process is based on the reasoning that no one will pay more today for an investment than what they could expect to get from that investment on a time and risk adjusted basis. †1 I think the paragraph I cited above not only give us the best conclusion of by valuation project report, but also tell us a definitely reason we study finance. Please Note: If the number followed a * behind it, it means this number is assumed and the others without * are all real data from PG company finance report. 1: cited from the â€Å"Dividend Valuation Models†, by Pamela Peterson Drake, Ph. D. , CFA. How to cite Valuation Project Report, Essay examples

Doing Ethics Technique for Corporate Citizenship - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDoing Ethics Technique for Corporate Citizenship. Answer: What's going on? The scenario is to analyze the ethical dilemma with the help of Doing Ethics Technique. The case provided in the scenario is that the organization is in a dilemma as to whether they should launch the Willis project early without incorporating encryption. The higher authorities plan that once they release the software early they would gain immense benefits and later they would update the software and incorporate the encryption code into it such that the security issues in the software could be mitigated as they are confident that there are less chances for the software to be hacked. Moreover, the successful early launch of the Willis project would also ensure the confirmation of the next deal worth 3 million, but the security of the software launched without encryption was the main concern for Gregg, as it prevents the unauthorized access to the information stored in the software and those vital informations should be kept confidential. However, Greggs boss was more concerned about th e future profits and contracts obtained there from (YouTube, 2018). What are the facts? The scenario deals with the dilemma of whether the organization should launch the Willis project software without encrypting the encryption code in it (Crane Matten, 2016). The major fact involved in the scenario is of encryption. It is a process in which the original data is modified into Cipher text using some encryption algorithms. In recent times, there were instances of numerous software projects being hacked due to the fact that the softwares lacked encryption. Encryption is an essential step that should be incorporated in the software as it is means of securing the vital information incorporated in the software. Encryption assures the blockage of unauthorized access to the information incorporated in the software and also minimizes the chances of the software getting hacked by the attackers. What are the issues? The major issue of consideration here is that whether the Willis project software should be launched without incorporating encryption algorithm in the code of the software. The CEO pressurizes the software developer as well as Gregg such that he would agree to the launch of the product without encrypting it as they consider encryption as a necessity for the security of the software (Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). However, Greggs boss ensures him that the software has minimal chances of getting hacked, but the launch poses reputation threat to the company as the code is not encrypted and is vulnerable to attack by the hackers. Who is affected? There is a long list of people affected by the launch of the software namely, the company officials, the software constructing team members and the stakeholders associated with the software (Lawson et al., 2016). In case of the early launch of the product, Gregg, his team members as well as his company would gain immense profit in terms of bonus but the Willis will suffer loss as the software could get hacked by the attackers that may lead to loss of essential information from the company and lower down the reputation of both the company and in turn, the bond between the company would also get affected. What are the ethical issues and their implications? The ethical issue concerned in the given scenario is the early launch of the project without incorporating the encryption code in the project software. The early launch of the project will increase the vulnerability of the project being hacked by the attackers. The implication would be that the vital information contained in the software would get leaked (Nathan, 2015). Thus, the company in order to gain profits is delivering low quality service to the Willis Company. Moreover, even the lower probability of the product getting hacked by the attackers, could lower down the reputation of the company. However, if the product gets hacked it will also have serious impact on the reputation of the Willis Company. What could have been done about it? The early launch of the software without encrypting the code would be a highly risky situation according to Gregg and the software developer as there are high chances of the product being hacked. The higher authorities of the company should seek in the advice of the Willis Company about their idea of the early launching of the product without encrypting the code (Sekaran Bougie, 2016). Moreover, the company officials would have delayed the launch and would properly incorporate the encryption code in the software as it was necessary to encrypt the software. However, the company would also have increased the pace of work such that they would get the encryption of the software completed within the time. What are the options? The options available for the company officials are that they would hire more employees such that they would complete the encryption of the software within a months time such that the information contained in the software is secured. Hiring more employees would lead to the completion of task in within a months time. Moreover, the second option would be to inform the Willis Company of the early launch and then propose the idea of updating the software later embedded with the encryption code (Trevino Nelson, 2016). This option would be ethical up to some extent but it increases chances of the hacking activities by the hackers. This option would also lead to the lowering of the reputation of the company as they in greed of future contract are not serving the quality product and there may be a condition that they would not be provided the upcoming contract. Which option is the best and why? According to the DET Analysis, the best option could the first choice, in which the developing company plans to hire more employees such as to finish the task within the stipulated amount of time (Yazdani Murad, 2015). This option is the best one as the company would be providing the Willis Company a quality product with countermeasures to the security flaws as well as this would earn them the confidence of the Willis Company and would successfully receive the upcoming projects as well. This would also be ethical as they would provide what they were asked for and also build a strong relationship with the company. References Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016).Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. (2015).Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Lawson, C., Beer, C., Rossi, D., Moore, T., Fleming, J. (2016). Identification of at riskstudents using learning analytics: the ethical dilemmas of intervention strategies in a higher education institution.Educational Technology Research and Development,64(5), 957-968. Nathan, G. (2015). Innovation process and ethics in technology: an approach to ethical (responsible) innovation governance.Journal on Chain and Network Science,15(2), 119-134. Sekaran, U., Bougie, R. (2016).Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley Sons. Trevino, L. K., Nelson, K. A. (2016).Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. John Wiley Sons. Yazdani, N., Murad, H. S. (2015). Toward an ethical theory of organizing.Journal of Business Ethics,127(2), 399-417. YouTube. (2018).Scenario 3: Early Launch. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5M7ohdZ6qA [Accessed 6 Mar. 2018].